TY - JOUR
T1 - Swift-BAT GUANO Follow-up of Gravitational-wave Triggers in the Third LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA Observing Run
AU - The LIGO Scientific Collaboration
AU - The Virgo Collaboration
AU - The KAGRA Collaboration
AU - Raman, Gayathri
AU - Ronchini, Samuele
AU - Delaunay, James
AU - Tohuvavohu, Aaron
AU - Kennea, Jamie A.
AU - Parsotan, Tyler
AU - Ambrosi, Elena
AU - Bernardini, Maria Grazia
AU - Campana, Sergio
AU - Cusumano, Giancarlo
AU - D’Aì, Antonino
AU - D’Avanzo, Paolo
AU - D’Elia, Valerio
AU - De Pasquale, Massimiliano
AU - Dichiara, Simone
AU - Evans, Phil
AU - Hartmann, Dieter
AU - Kuin, Paul
AU - Melandri, Andrea
AU - O’Brien, Paul
AU - Osborne, Julian P.
AU - Page, Kim
AU - Palmer, David M.
AU - Sbarufatti, Boris
AU - Tagliaferri, Gianpiero
AU - Troja, Eleonora
AU - Abac, A. G.
AU - Abbott, R.
AU - Abe, H.
AU - Abouelfettouh, I.
AU - Acernese, F.
AU - Ackley, K.
AU - Adamcewicz, C.
AU - Adhicary, S.
AU - Adhikari, N.
AU - Adhikari, R. X.
AU - Adkins, V. K.
AU - Adya, V. B.
AU - Affeldt, C.
AU - Agarwal, D.
AU - Agathos, M.
AU - Aguiar, O. D.
AU - Aguilar, I.
AU - Aiello, L.
AU - Ain, A.
AU - Akutsu, T.
AU - Albanesi, S.
AU - Alfaidi, R. A.
AU - Al-Jodah, A.
AU - Guetta, D.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.
PY - 2025/2/20
Y1 - 2025/2/20
N2 - We present results from a search for X-ray/gamma-ray counterparts of gravitational-wave (GW) candidates from the third observing run (O3) of the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA network using the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (Swift-BAT). The search includes 636 GW candidates received with low latency, 86 of which have been confirmed by the offline analysis and included in the third cumulative Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalogs (GWTC-3). Targeted searches were carried out on the entire GW sample using the maximum-likelihood Non-imaging Transient Reconstruction and Temporal Search pipeline on the BAT data made available via the GUANO infrastructure. We do not detect any significant electromagnetic emission that is temporally and spatially coincident with any of the GW candidates. We report flux upper limits in the 15–350 keV band as a function of sky position for all the catalog candidates. For GW candidates where the Swift-BAT false alarm rate is less than 10−3 Hz, we compute the GW–BAT joint false alarm rate. Finally, the derived Swift-BAT upper limits are used to infer constraints on the putative electromagnetic emission associated with binary black hole mergers.
AB - We present results from a search for X-ray/gamma-ray counterparts of gravitational-wave (GW) candidates from the third observing run (O3) of the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA network using the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (Swift-BAT). The search includes 636 GW candidates received with low latency, 86 of which have been confirmed by the offline analysis and included in the third cumulative Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalogs (GWTC-3). Targeted searches were carried out on the entire GW sample using the maximum-likelihood Non-imaging Transient Reconstruction and Temporal Search pipeline on the BAT data made available via the GUANO infrastructure. We do not detect any significant electromagnetic emission that is temporally and spatially coincident with any of the GW candidates. We report flux upper limits in the 15–350 keV band as a function of sky position for all the catalog candidates. For GW candidates where the Swift-BAT false alarm rate is less than 10−3 Hz, we compute the GW–BAT joint false alarm rate. Finally, the derived Swift-BAT upper limits are used to infer constraints on the putative electromagnetic emission associated with binary black hole mergers.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85219630308
U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/ad9749
DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/ad9749
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AN - SCOPUS:85219630308
SN - 0004-637X
VL - 980
JO - Astrophysical Journal
JF - Astrophysical Journal
IS - 2
M1 - 207
ER -