Optimization of variable selection for sustainable construction

According to a life cycle analysis (LCA), proper selection of all building variables and components requires the calculation of their environmental impact throughout their entire life cycle, which leads to numerous calculations. The objective of this study was to establish a methodology for the identification of design variables with minimum environmental impact, yet using relatively simple calculation procedures. The methodology comprises three steps: (1) Grouping the variables into distinct, stand-alone groups that enable to break down the entire life cycle calculation into several independent optimization procedures; (2) Optimization of the variables within each group; (3) Integration of all the solutions. The methodology was applied to a typical office building. It was shown that the life cycle approach, combined with optimization tools, can successfully ascribe most of the design variables into three independent groups. Sensitivity analysis showed that variables allocation depends on regional characteristics (climate, energy production etc.).