Normal adiponectin levels in kidney transplant patients with hypertension

Background: Kidney transplant patients are a unique population where despite correction of their kidney function they are still considered to be at high cardiovascular (CV) risk. Adiponectin, an adipokine secreted from adipocytes, has protective CV properties. Patients with essential hypertension (HTN) have low adiponectin levels that are associated with a high CV risk. The aim of this study was to assess adiponectin levels in hypertensive renal transplant recipients. Materials and methods: Fasting blood adiponectin levels were measured in hypertensive kidney transplant patients (n = 18), patients with essential HTN (n = 17) and healthy subjects (n = 14). Patients with diabetes mellitus and renal failure were excluded from the study. Anthropomorphic and metabolic parameters were also measured. Results: Patients with essential HTN had lower adiponectin levels than healthy controls (6 ± 0.7 μg/mL vs. 11 ± 0.9 μg/mL, p < 0.001), whereas hypertensive kidney transplant patients had adiponectin levels that were similar to adiponectin levels found in normal controls (11 ± 1.1 μg/mL). Adiponectin levels in healthy subjects were inversely correlated with plasma triglycerides (r = -0.876, p < 0.001) and with body weight (r = -0.7, p < 0.001). There was no such a correlation in patients with HTN. Conclusion: Adiponectin in hypertensive kidney transplant recipients is not an appropriate CV risk marker as it does not adequately distinguish these patients from normal controls.