Knowledge and Awareness of Ionizing Radiation Harms Among Hospital Employees at a Large Tertiary Medical Center: Findings from a First-of-Its-Kind Study in Israel

Background: Medical imaging and therapeutic tools are used on a daily basis. Some of these technologies bear potential risk of harm due to exposure to ionizing radiation. Previous research has shown a lack of knowledge and awareness surrounding ionizing radiation among a wide range of medical staff. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and awareness of ionizing radiation in a large tertiary medical center and compare the knowledge and awareness among types of hospital employees. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on an anonymous 32-question questionnaire was conducted. Participants were categorized by employee type, including physicians, nurses, allied health professionals, and ancillary and administrative staff. The questionnaire was divided into demographic profile, professional characteristics related to ionizing radiation, and knowledge and awareness. Knowledge and awareness scores were analyzed as standard scores (Z-scores). Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed. Results: The study included 479 participants. Physicians received the highest scores compared to other employee types, participants who had received ionizing radiation training received higher scores, and similar trends were observed for employees working in departments with higher potential for radiation exposure. Conclusions: This research underscores the need to enhance ionizing radiation knowledge and awareness among hospital staff. Achieving this may involve training sessions, workshops, and academic courses.