From Both Sides of the Iron Door – Sensemaking of Military Leaders During Hostage Rescue Operations: An Example from October 7th 2023

This study examines military leaders’ sensemaking processes during the October 7th, 2023 Hamas terrorist attack on Israel, focusing on civilian-military interactions in an unprecedented crisis. Using Karl Weick's sensemaking theory, the research analyzes semi-structured interviews with military leaders to explore how officers interpreted and responded to extreme uncertainty. The study highlights three key sensemaking strategies: social interactions, extracting situational cues, and dynamically engaging with the environment. Findings reveal how military leaders rapidly transitioned between combat and civilian rescue operations, demonstrating complex psychological adaptations for effective decision-making amid chaos, limited communication, and significant civilian casualties. The research extends previous work on leadership in extremis by examining a unique context where military leaders simultaneously engaged in combat and civilian rescue operations. This study provides critical insights into human cognitive processes during high-stress emergencies and offers potential implications for future military training and crisis response protocols.