Diagnostic Vortex Imaging: Numerical Simulations

Abstract In the field of cardiology, the current ability to image vortices is based on special applications to magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography. In this section, we first review in vivo methods to visualize vortices in the cardiac chambers. Then we examine the experimental and computational techniques to model the vortex formation inside the heart, the validation schemes and characterization of vortices in the heart or cardiovascular devices.