The role of change in athletes' careers: A scheme of change for sport psychology practice

Throughout their careers, athletes may encounter various changes that interfere with their existing "athletic status quo." During these transitional periods, change can occur in diverse levels of the athletic experience. In this paper we introduce a "scheme of change for sport psychology practice" (SCSPP) to describe typical characteristics of athletes' change-events and processes. The SCSPP focuses on: (a) the stages that unfold as athletes encounter and address changes in their careers, and (b) the psychological-therapeutic process that might facilitate an effective personal change. The process of change is evaluated in terms of its meaning and significance for athletes, the associated decisions athletes make, and fluctuations in cognition and affect. In addition, we describe a therapeutic framework that includes a number of processes of change as interventions, which may facilitate consultants' attempts to guide athletes who experience change-events, and factors that moderate these attempts. Avenues for research and practical implications are also provided.