TY - JOUR
T1 - The association between type of trauma, level of exposure and addiction
AU - Levin, Yafit
AU - Lev Bar-Or, Ruth
AU - Forer, Reni
AU - Vaserman, Magali
AU - Kor, Ariel
AU - Lev-Ran, Shaul
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2021/7
Y1 - 2021/7
N2 - Exposure to trauma is considered a risk factor for the development of addictive disorders. Currently, there is a knowledge gap concerning specific links between types and levels of exposure to traumatic events and addiction. In this study we explored the associations between interpersonal trauma and risk of addictive behaviors, stratified by type of trauma (physical, weapon, sexual assault, and combat) and level of exposure (direct/indirect), focusing on a wide range of substances and behaviors. Data from an online representative sample of 4025 respondents were collected, including the Life Events Checklist (LEC-5), substance use disorders and behavioral addictions metrics, and sociodemographic data. Substantial differences were found between specific types of trauma and risk of addiction. Among those exposed to sexual assault, the risk of alcohol use disorder was found to 15.4%, 95%CI[14.4–16.4%], compared to 12.1%,95%CI[11.3–12.8] among those exposed to combat-related trauma. Both direct and indirect exposure to trauma were found to be significantly related with risk of addiction. While direct exposure was most highly associated with addictions across several types of trauma, in the case of combat-related trauma, indirect exposure was more highly associated with alcohol and pornography addiction (14.5%,95%CI[13.2–15.8%] and 10.0%, 95%CI[6.3–15.0%], respectively) compared to direct exposure (10.7%,95%CI[9.9–11.6%] and 7.4%, 95%CI[4.7–11.6%], respectively). Our findings emphasize the strong association between all types of trauma and the risk of several specific substance and behavioral addictions. Specifically, the role of indirect exposure to trauma is highlighted.
AB - Exposure to trauma is considered a risk factor for the development of addictive disorders. Currently, there is a knowledge gap concerning specific links between types and levels of exposure to traumatic events and addiction. In this study we explored the associations between interpersonal trauma and risk of addictive behaviors, stratified by type of trauma (physical, weapon, sexual assault, and combat) and level of exposure (direct/indirect), focusing on a wide range of substances and behaviors. Data from an online representative sample of 4025 respondents were collected, including the Life Events Checklist (LEC-5), substance use disorders and behavioral addictions metrics, and sociodemographic data. Substantial differences were found between specific types of trauma and risk of addiction. Among those exposed to sexual assault, the risk of alcohol use disorder was found to 15.4%, 95%CI[14.4–16.4%], compared to 12.1%,95%CI[11.3–12.8] among those exposed to combat-related trauma. Both direct and indirect exposure to trauma were found to be significantly related with risk of addiction. While direct exposure was most highly associated with addictions across several types of trauma, in the case of combat-related trauma, indirect exposure was more highly associated with alcohol and pornography addiction (14.5%,95%CI[13.2–15.8%] and 10.0%, 95%CI[6.3–15.0%], respectively) compared to direct exposure (10.7%,95%CI[9.9–11.6%] and 7.4%, 95%CI[4.7–11.6%], respectively). Our findings emphasize the strong association between all types of trauma and the risk of several specific substance and behavioral addictions. Specifically, the role of indirect exposure to trauma is highlighted.
KW - Behavioral Addiction
KW - Exposure
KW - Interpersonal
KW - SUD
KW - Trauma
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85102819237&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106889
DO - 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106889
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C2 - 33735776
AN - SCOPUS:85102819237
SN - 0306-4603
VL - 118
JO - Addictive Behaviors
JF - Addictive Behaviors
M1 - 106889
ER -