Planetary companions orbiting the M dwarfs GJ 724 and GJ 3988: A CARMENES and IRD collaboration

P. Gorrini; J. Kemmer; S. Dreizler; R. Burn; T. Hirano; F. J. Pozuelos; M. Kuzuhara; J. A. Caballero; P. J. Amado; H. Harakawa; T. Kudo; A. Quirrenbach; A. Reiners; I. Ribas; V. J.S. Béjar; P. Chaturvedi; C. Cifuentes; D. Galadí-Enríquez; A. P. Hatzes; A. Kaminski; T. Kotani; M. Kürster; J. H. Livingston; M. J. López González; D. Montes; J. C. Morales; F. Murgas; M. Omiya; E. Pallé; E. Rodríguez; B. Sato; A. Schweitzer; Y. Shan; T. Takarada; L. Tal-Or; M. Tamura; S. Vievard; M. R. Zapatero Osorio; M. Zechmeister

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202347108

Planetary companions orbiting the M dwarfs GJ 724 and GJ 3988: A CARMENES and IRD collaboration

P. Gorrini, J. Kemmer, S. Dreizler, R. Burn, T. Hirano, F. J. Pozuelos, M. Kuzuhara, J. A. Caballero, P. J. Amado, H. Harakawa, T. Kudo, A. Quirrenbach, A. Reiners, I. Ribas, V. J.S. Béjar, P. Chaturvedi, C. Cifuentes, D. Galadí-Enríquez, A. P. Hatzes, A. KaminskiT. Kotani, M. Kürster, J. H. Livingston, M. J. López González, D. Montes, J. C. Morales, F. Murgas, M. Omiya, E. Pallé, E. Rodríguez, B. Sato, A. Schweitzer, Y. Shan, T. Takarada, L. Tal-Or, M. Tamura, S. Vievard, M. R. Zapatero Osorio, M. Zechmeister

Department of Physics

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Abstract

We report the discovery of two exoplanets around the M dwarfs GJ 724 and GJ 3988 using the radial velocity (RV) method. We obtained a total of 153 3.5 m Calar Alto/CARMENES spectra for both targets and measured their RVs and activity indicators. We also added archival ESO/HARPS data for GJ 724 and infrared RV measurements from Subaru/IRD for GJ 3988. We searched for periodic and stable signals to subsequently construct Keplerian models, considering different numbers of planets, and we selected the best models based on their Bayesian evidence. Gaussian process (GP) regression was included in some models to account for activity signals. For both systems, the best model corresponds to one single planet. The minimum masses are 10.75_-0.87^+0.96 and 3.69_-0.41^+0.42 Earth-masses for GJ 724 b and GJ 3988 b, respectively. Both planets have short periods (P < 10 d) and, therefore, they orbit their star closely (a < 0.05 au). GJ 724 b has an eccentric orbit (e = 0.577_-0.052^+0.055), whereas the orbit of GJ 3988 b is circular. The high eccentricity of GJ 724 b makes it the most eccentric single exoplanet (to this date) around an M dwarf. Thus, we suggest a further analysis to understand its configuration in the context of planetary formation and architecture. In contrast, GJ 3988 b is an example of a common type of planet around mid-M dwarfs.

Original language	English
Article number	A28
Journal	Astronomy and Astrophysics
Volume	680
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202347108
State	Published - 1 Dec 2023

Keywords

Planets and satellites: detection
Stars: individual: GJ 724, GJ 3988
Stars: late-type
Techniques: radial velocities

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10.1051/0004-6361/202347108

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Gorrini, P., Kemmer, J., Dreizler, S., Burn, R., Hirano, T., Pozuelos, F. J., Kuzuhara, M., Caballero, J. A., Amado, P. J., Harakawa, H., Kudo, T., Quirrenbach, A., Reiners, A., Ribas, I., Béjar, V. J. S., Chaturvedi, P., Cifuentes, C., Galadí-Enríquez, D., Hatzes, A. P., ... Zechmeister, M. (2023). Planetary companions orbiting the M dwarfs GJ 724 and GJ 3988: A CARMENES and IRD collaboration. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 680, Article A28. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202347108

@article{36744ef628a145eeb1dbd64b12f63cbc,

title = "Planetary companions orbiting the M dwarfs GJ 724 and GJ 3988: A CARMENES and IRD collaboration",

abstract = "We report the discovery of two exoplanets around the M dwarfs GJ 724 and GJ 3988 using the radial velocity (RV) method. We obtained a total of 153 3.5 m Calar Alto/CARMENES spectra for both targets and measured their RVs and activity indicators. We also added archival ESO/HARPS data for GJ 724 and infrared RV measurements from Subaru/IRD for GJ 3988. We searched for periodic and stable signals to subsequently construct Keplerian models, considering different numbers of planets, and we selected the best models based on their Bayesian evidence. Gaussian process (GP) regression was included in some models to account for activity signals. For both systems, the best model corresponds to one single planet. The minimum masses are 10.75-0.87+0.96 and 3.69-0.41+0.42 Earth-masses for GJ 724 b and GJ 3988 b, respectively. Both planets have short periods (P < 10 d) and, therefore, they orbit their star closely (a < 0.05 au). GJ 724 b has an eccentric orbit (e = 0.577-0.052+0.055), whereas the orbit of GJ 3988 b is circular. The high eccentricity of GJ 724 b makes it the most eccentric single exoplanet (to this date) around an M dwarf. Thus, we suggest a further analysis to understand its configuration in the context of planetary formation and architecture. In contrast, GJ 3988 b is an example of a common type of planet around mid-M dwarfs.",

keywords = "Planets and satellites: detection, Stars: individual: GJ 724, GJ 3988, Stars: late-type, Techniques: radial velocities",

author = "P. Gorrini and J. Kemmer and S. Dreizler and R. Burn and T. Hirano and Pozuelos, {F. J.} and M. Kuzuhara and Caballero, {J. A.} and Amado, {P. J.} and H. Harakawa and T. Kudo and A. Quirrenbach and A. Reiners and I. Ribas and B{\'e}jar, {V. J.S.} and P. Chaturvedi and C. Cifuentes and D. Galad{\'i}-Enr{\'i}quez and Hatzes, {A. P.} and A. Kaminski and T. Kotani and M. K{\"u}rster and Livingston, {J. H.} and {L{\'o}pez Gonz{\'a}lez}, {M. J.} and D. Montes and Morales, {J. C.} and F. Murgas and M. Omiya and E. Pall{\'e} and E. Rodr{\'i}guez and B. Sato and A. Schweitzer and Y. Shan and T. Takarada and L. Tal-Or and M. Tamura and S. Vievard and {Zapatero Osorio}, {M. R.} and M. Zechmeister",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Authors 2023.",

year = "2023",

month = dec,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/202347108",

language = "אנגלית",

volume = "680",

journal = "Astronomy and Astrophysics",

issn = "0004-6361",

publisher = "EDP Sciences",

}

Gorrini, P, Kemmer, J, Dreizler, S, Burn, R, Hirano, T, Pozuelos, FJ, Kuzuhara, M, Caballero, JA, Amado, PJ, Harakawa, H, Kudo, T, Quirrenbach, A, Reiners, A, Ribas, I, Béjar, VJS, Chaturvedi, P, Cifuentes, C, Galadí-Enríquez, D, Hatzes, AP, Kaminski, A, Kotani, T, Kürster, M, Livingston, JH, López González, MJ, Montes, D, Morales, JC, Murgas, F, Omiya, M, Pallé, E, Rodríguez, E, Sato, B, Schweitzer, A, Shan, Y, Takarada, T, Tal-Or, L, Tamura, M, Vievard, S, Zapatero Osorio, MR & Zechmeister, M 2023, 'Planetary companions orbiting the M dwarfs GJ 724 and GJ 3988: A CARMENES and IRD collaboration', Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 680, A28. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202347108

TY - JOUR

T1 - Planetary companions orbiting the M dwarfs GJ 724 and GJ 3988

T2 - A CARMENES and IRD collaboration

AU - Gorrini, P.

AU - Kemmer, J.

AU - Dreizler, S.

AU - Burn, R.

AU - Hirano, T.

AU - Pozuelos, F. J.

AU - Kuzuhara, M.

AU - Caballero, J. A.

AU - Amado, P. J.

AU - Harakawa, H.

AU - Kudo, T.

AU - Quirrenbach, A.

AU - Reiners, A.

AU - Ribas, I.

AU - Béjar, V. J.S.

AU - Chaturvedi, P.

AU - Cifuentes, C.

AU - Galadí-Enríquez, D.

AU - Hatzes, A. P.

AU - Kaminski, A.

AU - Kotani, T.

AU - Kürster, M.

AU - Livingston, J. H.

AU - López González, M. J.

AU - Montes, D.

AU - Morales, J. C.

AU - Murgas, F.

AU - Omiya, M.

AU - Pallé, E.

AU - Rodríguez, E.

AU - Sato, B.

AU - Schweitzer, A.

AU - Shan, Y.

AU - Takarada, T.

AU - Tal-Or, L.

AU - Tamura, M.

AU - Vievard, S.

AU - Zapatero Osorio, M. R.

AU - Zechmeister, M.

PY - 2023/12/1

Y1 - 2023/12/1

N2 - We report the discovery of two exoplanets around the M dwarfs GJ 724 and GJ 3988 using the radial velocity (RV) method. We obtained a total of 153 3.5 m Calar Alto/CARMENES spectra for both targets and measured their RVs and activity indicators. We also added archival ESO/HARPS data for GJ 724 and infrared RV measurements from Subaru/IRD for GJ 3988. We searched for periodic and stable signals to subsequently construct Keplerian models, considering different numbers of planets, and we selected the best models based on their Bayesian evidence. Gaussian process (GP) regression was included in some models to account for activity signals. For both systems, the best model corresponds to one single planet. The minimum masses are 10.75-0.87+0.96 and 3.69-0.41+0.42 Earth-masses for GJ 724 b and GJ 3988 b, respectively. Both planets have short periods (P < 10 d) and, therefore, they orbit their star closely (a < 0.05 au). GJ 724 b has an eccentric orbit (e = 0.577-0.052+0.055), whereas the orbit of GJ 3988 b is circular. The high eccentricity of GJ 724 b makes it the most eccentric single exoplanet (to this date) around an M dwarf. Thus, we suggest a further analysis to understand its configuration in the context of planetary formation and architecture. In contrast, GJ 3988 b is an example of a common type of planet around mid-M dwarfs.

AB - We report the discovery of two exoplanets around the M dwarfs GJ 724 and GJ 3988 using the radial velocity (RV) method. We obtained a total of 153 3.5 m Calar Alto/CARMENES spectra for both targets and measured their RVs and activity indicators. We also added archival ESO/HARPS data for GJ 724 and infrared RV measurements from Subaru/IRD for GJ 3988. We searched for periodic and stable signals to subsequently construct Keplerian models, considering different numbers of planets, and we selected the best models based on their Bayesian evidence. Gaussian process (GP) regression was included in some models to account for activity signals. For both systems, the best model corresponds to one single planet. The minimum masses are 10.75-0.87+0.96 and 3.69-0.41+0.42 Earth-masses for GJ 724 b and GJ 3988 b, respectively. Both planets have short periods (P < 10 d) and, therefore, they orbit their star closely (a < 0.05 au). GJ 724 b has an eccentric orbit (e = 0.577-0.052+0.055), whereas the orbit of GJ 3988 b is circular. The high eccentricity of GJ 724 b makes it the most eccentric single exoplanet (to this date) around an M dwarf. Thus, we suggest a further analysis to understand its configuration in the context of planetary formation and architecture. In contrast, GJ 3988 b is an example of a common type of planet around mid-M dwarfs.

KW - Planets and satellites: detection

KW - Stars: individual: GJ 724, GJ 3988

KW - Stars: late-type

KW - Techniques: radial velocities

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85179796478&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/202347108

DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/202347108

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AN - SCOPUS:85179796478

SN - 0004-6361

VL - 680

JO - Astronomy and Astrophysics

JF - Astronomy and Astrophysics

M1 - A28

ER -

Planetary companions orbiting the M dwarfs GJ 724 and GJ 3988: A CARMENES and IRD collaboration

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Keywords

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