TY - JOUR
T1 - Opto-Mechanical Interactions in Multi-Core Optical Fibers and Their Applications
AU - Diamandi, Hilel Hagai
AU - London, Yosef
AU - Bergman, Arik
AU - Bashan, Gil
AU - Madrigal, Javier
AU - Barrera, David
AU - Sales, Salvador
AU - Zadok, Avi
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 1995-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2020/7/1
Y1 - 2020/7/1
N2 - Optical fibers containing multiple cores are being developed towards capacity enhancement in space-division multiplexed optical communication networks. In many cases, the fibers are designed for negligible direct coupling of optical power among the cores. The cores remain, however, embedded in a single, mechanically-unified cladding. Elastic (or acoustic) modes supported by the fiber cladding geometry are in overlap with multiple cores. Acoustic waves may be stimulated by light in any core through electrostriction. Once excited, the acoustic waves may induce photo-elastic perturbations to optical waves in other cores as well. Such opto-mechanical coupling gives rise to inter-core cross-phase modulation effects, even when direct optical crosstalk is very weak. The cross-phase modulation spectrum reaches hundreds of megahertz frequencies. It may consist of discrete and narrow peaks, or may become quasi-continuous, depending on the geometric layout. The magnitude of the effect at the resonance frequencies is comparable with that of intra-core cross-phase modulation due to Kerr nonlinearity. Two potential applications are demonstrated: single-frequency opto-electronic oscillators that do not require radio-frequency electrical filters, and point-sensing of liquids outside the cladding of multi-core fibers, where light cannot reach.
AB - Optical fibers containing multiple cores are being developed towards capacity enhancement in space-division multiplexed optical communication networks. In many cases, the fibers are designed for negligible direct coupling of optical power among the cores. The cores remain, however, embedded in a single, mechanically-unified cladding. Elastic (or acoustic) modes supported by the fiber cladding geometry are in overlap with multiple cores. Acoustic waves may be stimulated by light in any core through electrostriction. Once excited, the acoustic waves may induce photo-elastic perturbations to optical waves in other cores as well. Such opto-mechanical coupling gives rise to inter-core cross-phase modulation effects, even when direct optical crosstalk is very weak. The cross-phase modulation spectrum reaches hundreds of megahertz frequencies. It may consist of discrete and narrow peaks, or may become quasi-continuous, depending on the geometric layout. The magnitude of the effect at the resonance frequencies is comparable with that of intra-core cross-phase modulation due to Kerr nonlinearity. Two potential applications are demonstrated: single-frequency opto-electronic oscillators that do not require radio-frequency electrical filters, and point-sensing of liquids outside the cladding of multi-core fibers, where light cannot reach.
KW - Opto-mechanics
KW - multi-core fibers
KW - nonlinear fiber-optics
KW - optical fiber sensors
KW - opto-electronic oscillators
KW - stimulated Brillouin scattering
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85078822630&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/JSTQE.2019.2958933
DO - 10.1109/JSTQE.2019.2958933
M3 - ???researchoutput.researchoutputtypes.contributiontojournal.article???
AN - SCOPUS:85078822630
SN - 1077-260X
VL - 26
JO - IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics
JF - IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics
IS - 4
M1 - 8930940
ER -