TY - JOUR
T1 - HMGNs, DNA repair and cancer
AU - Gerlitz, Gabi
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by the Intramural Research Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH . I would like to thank M. Bustin (NCI), the NIH Fellows Editorial Board, R. Artzi-Gerlitz and V. Walker (NIH library) for constructive comments on the manuscript.
PY - 2010/1
Y1 - 2010/1
N2 - DNA lesions threaten the integrity of the genome and are a major factor in cancer formation and progression. Eukaryotic DNA is organized in nucleosome-based higher order structures, which form the chromatin fiber. In recent years, considerable knowledge has been gained on the importance of chromatin dynamics for the cellular response to DNA damage and for the ability to repair DNA lesions. High Mobility Group N1 (HMGN1) protein is an emerging factor that is important for chromatin alterations in response to DNA damage originated from both ultra violet light (UV) and ionizing irradiation (IR). HMGN1 is a member in the HMGN family of chromatin architectural proteins. HMGNs bind directly to nucleosomes and modulate the structure of the chromatin fiber in a highly dynamic manner. This review focuses mainly on the roles of HMGN1 in the cellular response pathways to different types of DNA lesions and in transcriptional regulation of cancer-related genes. In addition, emerging roles for HMGN5 in cancer progression and for HMGN2 as a potential tool in cancer therapy will be discussed.
AB - DNA lesions threaten the integrity of the genome and are a major factor in cancer formation and progression. Eukaryotic DNA is organized in nucleosome-based higher order structures, which form the chromatin fiber. In recent years, considerable knowledge has been gained on the importance of chromatin dynamics for the cellular response to DNA damage and for the ability to repair DNA lesions. High Mobility Group N1 (HMGN1) protein is an emerging factor that is important for chromatin alterations in response to DNA damage originated from both ultra violet light (UV) and ionizing irradiation (IR). HMGN1 is a member in the HMGN family of chromatin architectural proteins. HMGNs bind directly to nucleosomes and modulate the structure of the chromatin fiber in a highly dynamic manner. This review focuses mainly on the roles of HMGN1 in the cellular response pathways to different types of DNA lesions and in transcriptional regulation of cancer-related genes. In addition, emerging roles for HMGN5 in cancer progression and for HMGN2 as a potential tool in cancer therapy will be discussed.
KW - DNA damage response
KW - Double-strand breaks
KW - HMGN proteins
KW - Histone H1
KW - Nucleotide excision repair
KW - Transcription coupled repair
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=74449083813&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2009.10.007
DO - 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2009.10.007
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C2 - 20004154
AN - SCOPUS:74449083813
SN - 1874-9399
VL - 1799
SP - 80
EP - 85
JO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms
JF - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms
IS - 1-2
ER -