Effectiveness of omeprazole- versus lansoprazole-based triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication

Triple therapy with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), amoxicillin, and clarithromycin is widely accepted for Helicobacter pylori eradication. The choice of PPI for triple therapy in Israel is arbitrary, with no preference for any one PPI except for economic considerations. Direct comparison between omeprazole and lansoprazole for efficacy of H. pylori eradication has never been performed in an Israeli poplulation. Based on the pharmacokinetic data, lansoprazole-based therapy may be a better alternative than omeprazole-based therapy. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of triple therapy regimens with omeprazole (Losec, AstraZeneca; or Omeradex, Dexxon) or lansoprazole (TAP Pharmaceuticals) in eradicating H. pylori infection. The database of the biggest health insurance provider in Israel was reviewed for all patients who received 1 week of treatment with omeprazole (n = 1293) or lansoprazole (n = 85) with additional amoxicillin and clarithromycin for H. pylori eradication in 2002. All patients underwent the ¹³C-urea breath test (¹³CUBT) for validation of eradication. A negative ¹³CUBT result was noted in 1026 of the patients treated with omeprazole (79.4%) and 61 treated with lansoprazole (71.8%). On logistic regression analysis, none of the confounding factors (sex, age, indication, chronic use of PPI, eradication protocol) were found to contribute to the discrimination between a negative (successful eradication) and a positive (failed eradication) ¹³CUBT. There is no statistically significant difference between omeprazole and lansoprazole as part of a PPI-based triple therapy for eradication of H. pylori.