A new perspective on employee lateness

In contrast to absence and turnover, the relevant antecedents that would lead an individual to arrive late at work have not yet been clearly presented in one model. This article suggests a two-stage formulation with attitudes triggering one track, and other antecedents including personality, commuting-related variables, culture, and work-family conflict serving to influence a second source of lateness. Furthermore, the model integrates some of the ideas usually included in a progression model by delineating a process that links the various types of withdrawal measures. Finally, the article describes another set of variables, minor withdrawal behaviours, which are hard for management to detect but may serve as a behavioural antecedent of employee lateness.