השיקום משתלם: קבלת מעטפת שיקומית בבתי הסוהר והסיכוי לקבל שחרור על תנאי לפני יישום תיקון 42 ואחריו

The 42nd amendment to the Israeli Prison Ordinance was enacted in May 2016. The law stipulated that in addition to the fundamental rights granted to prisoners, the Israeli Prison Service must enroll in rehabilitative and treatment programs for every prisoner, Israeli citizen, or resident. This amendment became one of the organization's most significant change processes in the last decade.The study examined whether the correctional programs provided by the Israel Prison Service contributed to the committee's decision on the conditional release of the prisoner and whether this contribution increased after Amendment 42. It also examined whether the correctional programs contributed to reducing recidivism, compared to the effect of conditional release on recidivism.The data of released criminal prisoners (N = 10,986) who were sentenced to more than six months' imprisonment were examined in two groups: before Amendment 42 (N = 5,910) and after Amendment 42(N = 5,076). Both research hypotheses were confirmed, and the findings show that two types of programs: treatment and education, made a significant contribution to the committee's decision to promote an early release. Moreover, their contribution even increased significantly after Amendment 42.Regarding the second hypothesis, according to the study, the rehabilitation process has a greater effect compared to parole on return to prison in the first year, and findings show that participation in treatment reduced recidivism (one year after the release date), whereas the conditional release did not affect it. Despite these findings, this point needs to be re-examined after five years of imprisonment.