ЭТНОНИМЫ, ОБОЗНАЧАЮЩИЕ ТАТАР В ЕВРЕЙСКИХ ИСТОЧНИКАХ XIII-XIX ВВ., И ИХ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ В КУЛЬТУРНО-ИСТОРИЧЕСКОМ КОНТЕКСТЕ

Research Objectives: The aim of this article is to analyze the ethnonyms used in Jewish texts in relation to Tartars and some other groups of the Muslim population. The article intends to present the differences in the use of these terms, as well as the factors behind their emergence and their evolution. These ethnonyms will be considered both in their linguistic and cultural-historical contexts, as these dimensions add frequently specific connotations to some of these terms. Research Materials: This study is based on specific examples of the use of terms in Jewish sources, written in Hebrew, from the Middle Ages to the beginning of the 19th century. These include texts on Jewish religious law and Kabbalah, as well as travelogues and historical chronicles written in the Crimean Khanate between the 17th and 19th centuries. Chronographic texts reflect everyday contacts and relations between Jews and Tatars, and therefore contain rich material for the study of ethnonyms. Results and Novelty of the Research: The ethnonyms used in Jewish texts in relation to the Tartars have never been studied, except regarding an explanation of the meaning of individual terms. The present research is not only about a selection of words and their etymology. The ethnonyms found in Jewish sources, related to Tartars and some other groups of the Crimean Muslim population, reveal a broader picture. They reflect some cultural and religious concepts and stereotypes towards the Tartars, as well as a view on the interethnic relations as perceived by the authors of these texts and their immediate environment.