Longitudinal Predictors of Satisfaction With Life and Happiness Among Recently Discharged Combat Veterans

Only a few studies have examined the predictors of veterans’ psychological well-being during their first year after military service. The present study examined the longitudinal contributions of preenlistment characteristics, combat experiences, depressive and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, and personal resources to satisfaction with life and happiness 6 months following discharge from military combat service. In total, 494 active-duty Israeli combatants participated in a 5-year longitudinal study with three measurement points: 1 year before enlistment (T1), 1 month before discharge from army service (T2), and 6 months after discharge (T3). Above and beyond the contribution of preenlistment personal characteristics (T1) and combat experiences (T2), depressive and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (T2 and T3) negatively contributed to satisfaction with life and happiness (T3). Importantly, forgiveness and perceived social support (T2) predicted higher levels of satisfaction with life and happiness (T3). Attention should also be given to enhancing forgiveness and perceived social support to improve veterans’ well-being and subjective happiness.