Associations between media exposure to sexual violence during the 2023 Israel-Hamas conflict and sexual, psychological, and relational well-being

The October 7, 2023, attacks in Israel and the subsequent hostage crisis significantly impacted Israeli society. This study examined the association between the perceived relevance of exposure to reports of sexual violence during the attacks and captivity, and the sexual, relational, and psychological well-being of Israeli men and women. An online survey of 921 Israeli adults assessed changes in sexual function, distress, and behaviour, reasons for these changes, and various well-being indicators. Hierarchical regression and moderation analyses were conducted. Approximately 15% of respondents perceived these reports as relevant to their decreased sexual activity. Women reported greater perceived relevance, though the psychological impact was stronger among men. Perceived relevance was significantly associated with sexual dysfunction, sexual distress, and psychological well-being. Findings suggest that exposure to narratives of sexual violence during conflict may meaningfully affect sexual behavior, functioning, and mental health in some individuals. PRACTICE IMPACT STATEMENT: The findings of this study highlight the significant impact that exposure to reports of sexual violence during conflict can have on sexual behaviour and psychological well-being. These results suggest the need for targeted psychological support and interventions for individuals affected by such exposure, emphasising the broader implications of media coverage in conflict situations on public health. This research underscores the importance of addressing secondary trauma in the field of sexual violence prevention and response.