TY - JOUR
T1 - Aggregation induced emission “Turn on” ultra-low detection of anti-inflammatory drug flufenamic acid in human urine samples by carbon dots derived from bamboo stem waste
AU - Adaikalapandi, Subitha
AU - Thangadurai, T. Daniel
AU - Sivakumar, S.
AU - Nataraj, D.
AU - Schechter, Alex
AU - Kalarikkal, Nandakumar
AU - Thomas, Sabu
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2025/2/5
Y1 - 2025/2/5
N2 - Carbon dot-based fluorescence sensors have attracted research interest for the selective determination of anti-inflammatory drugs in biological fluids and environments. The overdose and accumulation of anti-inflammatory drugs in tissues can cause chronic side effects including abdominal pain, and renal damage. Herein, we report a new fluorescent probe, bamboo stem waste-derived carbon dots (BS-CDs) for highly sensitive detection of Flufenamic acid (FA), a hazardous anti-inflammatory drug. The UV–vis absorption spectra of BS-CDs show a redshifted absorption peak at 283 nm upon the addition of FA suggesting strong binding interaction between BS-CDs and FA molecule. The BS-CDs showed a fluorescence enhancement (∼2-fold) detection for FA (400 μM) in the linear concentration range (0.40 → 0.65 μM) with a limit of detection (LoD; 17 nM) and binding constant (Ka = 1.33 × 10−3 M−1). The time-resolved fluorescence decay analysis showed that the average lifetime of BS-CDs has slightly changed (4.42 → 4.67 ns) by the interaction with FA through the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) process. The interference, pH, and effect of time results suggest that BS-CDs are highly selective probes for FA detection and do not show any interference involvement during FA detection. The confirmation of the structure and morphology changes of BS-CDs after interaction with FA was carried out by XRD, FESEM, HRTEM, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy. The practicability of the BS-CDs probe was proved by the detection of FA in human urine samples with recovery of 103–109 %. This suggests that the proposed BS-CDs-based ‘turn-on’ sensor could be used to determine the FA in biological fluids.
AB - Carbon dot-based fluorescence sensors have attracted research interest for the selective determination of anti-inflammatory drugs in biological fluids and environments. The overdose and accumulation of anti-inflammatory drugs in tissues can cause chronic side effects including abdominal pain, and renal damage. Herein, we report a new fluorescent probe, bamboo stem waste-derived carbon dots (BS-CDs) for highly sensitive detection of Flufenamic acid (FA), a hazardous anti-inflammatory drug. The UV–vis absorption spectra of BS-CDs show a redshifted absorption peak at 283 nm upon the addition of FA suggesting strong binding interaction between BS-CDs and FA molecule. The BS-CDs showed a fluorescence enhancement (∼2-fold) detection for FA (400 μM) in the linear concentration range (0.40 → 0.65 μM) with a limit of detection (LoD; 17 nM) and binding constant (Ka = 1.33 × 10−3 M−1). The time-resolved fluorescence decay analysis showed that the average lifetime of BS-CDs has slightly changed (4.42 → 4.67 ns) by the interaction with FA through the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) process. The interference, pH, and effect of time results suggest that BS-CDs are highly selective probes for FA detection and do not show any interference involvement during FA detection. The confirmation of the structure and morphology changes of BS-CDs after interaction with FA was carried out by XRD, FESEM, HRTEM, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy. The practicability of the BS-CDs probe was proved by the detection of FA in human urine samples with recovery of 103–109 %. This suggests that the proposed BS-CDs-based ‘turn-on’ sensor could be used to determine the FA in biological fluids.
KW - AIE
KW - Bamboo stem
KW - Carbon dots
KW - Flufenamic acid
KW - Turn-on sensor
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85206460512&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.saa.2024.125278
DO - 10.1016/j.saa.2024.125278
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AN - SCOPUS:85206460512
SN - 1386-1425
VL - 326
JO - Spectrochimica Acta - Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy
JF - Spectrochimica Acta - Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy
M1 - 125278
ER -